Importance
These activities and tasks are to make students practice and expand their use of language such as vocabulary, grammar or sub-skills of reading, speaking, writing, listening.
Controlled activities: activities focused on accuracy and fomr, students can make mistakes and they are controlled by the teacher.
Free activities: activities where students can choose the language they are willing to use, so teachers may not predict students´ language. They are focused on fluency and interaction.
Freer activities: activities in which teacher can predict what language students are going to use.
How to teach
Controlled activities: copying words, drills, jazz chants.
Free activities: recalling, rank ordering, writing emails, stories, letters, invitations, etc.
Freer activities: role-plays, information gap, sentence completion, gap filling, surveys.
References:
http://www.headsupenglish.com/index.php/esl-articles/esl-lesson-structure/310-controlled-to-free-activities
http://www.jumpstart.com/parents/activities/classroom-activities
http://www.eslhq.com/forums/esl-forums/teaching-esl/controlled-uncontrolled-classroom-activity-game-15633/
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